Donald Trump is a former U.S. president and businessman who served as the 45th president from 2017 to 2021. His presidency was marked by significant tax reforms, a focus on immigration restrictions, and a distinctive, often controversial, communication style.

Iran, historically known as Persia, is home to one of the world’s oldest continuous major civilizations, dating back to the Elamite kingdoms of the 4th millennium BCE. Its rich cultural heritage is exemplified by numerous UNESCO World Heritage sites, including the ancient ceremonial capital of Persepolis and the intricate architecture of Isfahan’s Naqsh-e Jahan Square. The modern Islamic Republic was established in 1979 following a revolution that transformed the nation from a monarchy into a theocratic republic.

Mecca is the holiest city in Islam, located in Saudi Arabia, and is the birthplace of the Prophet Muhammad. It is the site of the Kaaba, the most sacred shrine in Islam, which Muslims believe was built by Abraham and his son Ishmael. Every year, millions of Muslims perform the Hajj pilgrimage to Mecca, a religious duty that has been a central practice since the 7th century.