Continued rise: Dollar, euro, pound, and gold prices at the close of the parallel market on December 17, 2025

“Tripoli” is the capital and largest city of **Libya**, located in the northwest of the country along the Mediterranean coast. It is often called “the bride of the Mediterranean” due to its historic beauty and coastal setting.

Here are some key points about Tripoli:

### **Historical Significance**
– Founded by the Phoenicians in the 7th century BCE, it has been ruled by Romans, Byzantines, Arabs, Ottomans, Italians, and others.
– The old city, **Medina**, features historic architecture, including the **Arch of Marcus Aurelius** and the **Red Castle (Assaraya al-Hamra)**, which houses the national museum.

### **Modern City**
– Tripoli is Libya’s political, economic, and cultural center.
– Major industries include finance, telecommunications, and oil refining.
– Key modern landmarks include **Martyrs’ Square** and the **Tripoli International Fair** complex.

### **Culture & Society**
– The population is predominantly Arab and Muslim, with Arabic as the main language.
– Known for traditional markets (souks), Ottoman-era mosques, and Mediterranean cuisine.

### **Recent Challenges**
– Since the 2011 revolution and subsequent conflicts, Tripoli has faced political instability and security issues, though efforts toward rebuilding continue.

Would you like more details on Tripoli’s history, current situation, or something specific?

“Zliten” is a city in northwestern Libya, located on the Mediterranean coast between the larger cities of Misrata and Khoms. It is part of the Tripolitania region and has historical significance, including ancient Roman ruins nearby. The city is known for its agriculture, particularly olives and dates, and has a notable university, Al-Asmarya Islamic University. In recent decades, Zliten has also been affected by Libya’s political and military conflicts.

“Benghazi” typically refers to the city in Libya, which gained significant international attention due to events in 2012. Here’s a concise overview:

### **Key Points About Benghazi:**
1. **Location & Significance**
– Benghazi is a major city in eastern Libya, historically a political and economic hub.
– It played a central role in the 2011 Libyan Revolution that overthrew Muammar Gaddafi.

2. **2012 Benghazi Attack**
– On **September 11, 2012**, a U.S. diplomatic compound and a CIA annex in Benghazi were attacked by armed militants.
– **Four Americans were killed**, including U.S. Ambassador J. Christopher Stevens.
– The attack sparked major political controversy in the United States, focusing on security failures and the U.S. government’s response.

3. **Aftermath & Investigations**
– Multiple U.S. congressional investigations examined the incident, with debates over accountability, intelligence, and security preparedness.
– The event became a highly politicized topic, particularly during the 2016 U.S. presidential election.

4. **Libyan Context**
– Benghazi remains a focal point in Libya’s ongoing conflict, with shifting control between various militias, extremist groups, and Libya’s rival governments.

If you have a specific question about Benghazi’s history, the 2012 attack, or its current situation, feel free to ask!

**Ajdabiya** (also spelled **Ajḍābiyā** or **Agedabia**) is a city in northeastern **Libya**, located in the **Al Wahat District**. It serves as a key transportation and commercial hub in the region.

### Key Facts:
– **Location**: Situated about 160 km (100 miles) south of **Benghazi**, near the Mediterranean coast.
– **Population**: Roughly 100,000–150,000 people (estimates vary).
– **Historical Significance**: Historically a crossroads for trade and caravan routes. It gained modern attention during the **2011 Libyan Civil War**, when it saw intense fighting between pro-Gaddafi forces and anti-government rebels.
– **Economy**: Primarily based on trade, transportation, and some agriculture (due to nearby oases). It is also close to Libya’s major oil-producing regions.
– **Infrastructure**: Lies at the junction of several major highways connecting coastal cities like Benghazi and Tobruk with the interior and southern Libya.

### Recent Context:
During the **Libyan Civil War (2011)**, Ajdabiya was a strategic battleground due to its location on the road to Benghazi. Control of the city changed hands multiple times. In later years, it has been affected by ongoing instability and conflict among Libyan factions.

If you have a specific question about Ajdabiya’s history, current situation, or another aspect, feel free to ask!

Turkey can refer to:

1. **The country** – Officially the Republic of Türkiye, located at the crossroads of Europe and Asia, with a rich history spanning ancient civilizations, the Byzantine Empire, and the Ottoman Empire. Its capital is Ankara, and its largest city is Istanbul.

2. **The bird** – A large bird native to North America, known scientifically as *Meleagris gallopavo*. It is famously associated with Thanksgiving and Christmas dinners in many cultures.

3. **Colloquial expressions** –
– “Talk turkey” means to speak frankly or get down to business.
– “Cold turkey” refers to abruptly stopping a habit (like drugs) without tapering off.

Would you like more details on any of these?

Dubai is a vibrant and dynamic city in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), known for its modern architecture, luxury shopping, and lively nightlife. Here are some key highlights:

### 🌆 **Key Features**
– **Burj Khalifa:** The world’s tallest building, offering breathtaking views from its observation decks.
– **Palm Jumeirah:** An artificial island shaped like a palm tree, home to luxury hotels like Atlantis The Palm.
– **Dubai Mall:** One of the largest shopping malls globally, featuring an aquarium, ice rink, and countless stores.
– **Desert Adventures:** Dune bashing, camel rides, and desert safaris offer a taste of traditional Arabian culture.

### 🛍️ **Shopping & Luxury**
– Dubai is a tax-free shopping haven with malls like Mall of the Emirates (featuring Ski Dubai) and traditional souks (e.g., Gold Souk, Spice Souk).
– Annual events like the Dubai Shopping Festival attract visitors worldwide.

### 🌍 **Cultural Mix**
– While deeply rooted in Emirati traditions, Dubai is incredibly cosmopolitan, with expats making up a large portion of the population.
– Visitors can explore historic areas like Al Fahidi Historical Neighbourhood and the Dubai Museum.

### 🚀 **Innovation & Ambition**
– Dubai continues to push boundaries with projects like the Museum of the Future, Dubai Frame, and plans for a Mars-inspired city.
– It’s a hub for business, tourism, and events like Expo 2020 (held in 2021 due to the pandemic).

### ✈️ **Travel Tips**
– **Best Time to Visit:** November to March for pleasant weather.
– **Visa:** Many nationalities can get a visa on arrival or an e-visa.
– **Dress Code:** Modest dress is appreciated in public areas, though beachwear is fine at resorts.

Whether you’re interested in futuristic skylines, cultural experiences, or luxury indulgence, Dubai offers a unique blend of tradition and innovation.

“Al-Mashir” (المشير) is an Arabic title meaning **”Field Marshal”** or **”Marshal”** in English. It is the highest military rank in many Arab countries’ armed forces, equivalent to a five-star general in the U.S. military.

### Key Points:
1. **Usage**: Commonly used in countries like Egypt, Jordan, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, and others.
2. **Responsibilities**: A holder of this rank typically commands the entire armed forces or holds a top advisory role in defense matters.
3. **Notable Figures**:
– **Mohamed Hussein Tantawi** (Egypt) – Former Field Marshal and de facto head of state after the 2011 revolution.
– **Khalifa Haftar** (Libya) – Holds the rank of Field Marshal in the Libyan National Army.
– **Abdul Fattah al-Burhan** (Sudan) – Chairman of Sudan’s Sovereignty Council and a Field Marshal.

### Context:
– The title is often bestowed by a head of state for exceptional military service.
– In some cases, it carries significant political influence, especially in nations with strong military involvement in governance.

If you’re referring to something specific like a person, place, or organization named “Al-Mashir,” please provide more context so I can give a more targeted answer!

Venice is a unique and historic city in northeastern Italy, built on more than 100 small islands in a lagoon in the Adriatic Sea. Known as the “Floating City,” it has no roads, only canals—including the famous Grand Canal—and is navigated by boats and gondolas. Here are some key highlights:

### 🏛️ **History & Significance**
– Founded in the 5th century, Venice became a major maritime power during the Middle Ages and the Renaissance.
– It was a center of art, architecture, and trade, linking Europe with the East.
– The Venetian Republic lasted for over 1,000 years until it fell to Napoleon in 1797.

### 🎭 **Cultural & Architectural Gems**
– **St. Mark’s Square (Piazza San Marco)** – The heart of Venice, home to:
– St. Mark’s Basilica (Byzantine-style cathedral)
– Doge’s Palace (Gothic government building)
– Campanile (bell tower with panoramic views)
– **Rialto Bridge** – Iconic stone bridge spanning the Grand Canal.
– **Grand Canal** – Main waterway lined with palaces from Venice’s golden age.
– **Gallerie dell’Accademia** – Houses masterpieces by Venetian artists like Titian and Tintoretto.

### 🚤 **Unique Lifestyle & Challenges**
– Transportation is mainly by **vaporetti** (water buses), water taxis, or gondolas.
– Venice faces serious issues like **acqua alta** (seasonal flooding), overtourism, and subsidence.
– Efforts like the **MOSE project** (mobile flood barriers) aim to protect the city.

### 🎉 **Famous Events**
– **Venice Carnival** – Known for elaborate masks and costumes.
– **Venice Biennale** – Prestigious contemporary art and architecture exhibition.
– **Venice Film Festival** – One of the oldest film festivals in the world.

### 🍝 **Local Cuisine**
– Cicchetti (Venetian tapas), seafood risotto, polenta, and dishes like *sarde in saor* (sweet-sour sardines).
– Try **spritz** (aperitivo) or local wines from the Veneto region.

### 💡 **Travel Tips**
– Visit in shoulder seasons (spring/fall) to avoid crowds.
– Explore lesser-known districts like **Dorsoduro** or **Cannaregio**.
– Be mindful of sustainable tourism to help preserve the city.

Venice is a living museum—a place where history, art, and water intertwine, creating an atmosphere unlike anywhere else in the world. 🌊✨