Global economic losses from natural disasters fall to $220 billion in 2025.

Los Angeles is a major city in Southern California, United States. Here are some key points about it:

### **Overview**
– **Population:** ~3.9 million (city proper), ~13 million (metro area) – largest in California and second-largest in the U.S.
– **Nicknames:** LA, City of Angels, Entertainment Capital of the World.
– **Founded:** 1781 (as *El Pueblo de Nuestra Señora la Reina de los Ángeles*).

### **Key Features**
1. **Entertainment Industry**
– Global hub for film, TV, music, and digital media (Hollywood, major studios, Grammy Awards).
2. **Cultural Diversity**
– Over 140 languages spoken; vibrant neighborhoods like Koreatown, Little Tokyo, and Boyle Heights.
3. **Economy**
– Diverse sectors: entertainment, tech, aerospace, fashion, international trade (ports of LA/Long Beach).
4. **Landmarks**
– Hollywood Sign, Griffith Observatory, Santa Monica Pier, Getty Center, Disneyland (nearby).
5. **Geography & Climate**
– Coastal basin with beaches, mountains (Santa Monica Mountains), and deserts nearby. Mediterranean climate (mild, sunny).
6. **Sports**
– Home to multiple professional teams (Lakers, Dodgers, Rams, LAFC, etc.).
7. **Challenges**
– Traffic congestion, high cost of living, homelessness, and seismic activity.

### **Fun Facts**
– LA County has over 75 miles of coastline.
– The Hollywood Walk of Fame has 2,700+ stars.
– Hosted the 1932 and 1984 Summer Olympics; will host again in 2028.

Would you like details on any specific aspect, such as tourism, history, or cultural highlights?

The **United States of America (USA)** is a federal republic located primarily in North America, consisting of 50 states, a federal district (Washington, D.C.), five major territories, and various minor islands. Here are some key points:

### **Quick Facts**
– **Capital:** Washington, D.C.
– **Largest City:** New York City
– **Population:** ~331 million (2020 census)
– **Area:** ~9.8 million sq km (3rd/4th largest in the world)
– **Government:** Federal presidential constitutional republic
– **Official Language:** None at federal level (English de facto)
– **Currency:** United States Dollar (USD)

### **History Highlights**
– **Independence:** Declared from Great Britain on July 4, 1776.
– **Constitution:** Adopted in 1787, oldest written national constitution still in use.
– **Expansion:** Grew from 13 original colonies to span the continent through treaties, purchases, and annexation.
– **Civil War:** 1861–1865, preserved the Union and abolished slavery.
– **World Role:** Emerged as a global superpower in the 20th century.

### **Economy**
– Largest economy in the world by nominal GDP.
– Diverse sectors: technology, finance, healthcare, manufacturing, agriculture, and entertainment.
– Home to major global corporations and stock exchanges (e.g., NYSE, NASDAQ).

### **Culture**
– Highly diverse due to immigration; often called a “melting pot.”
– Major cultural influence globally through media, music, film (Hollywood), technology, and fashion.
– Known for landmarks like the Statue of Liberty, Grand Canyon, Mount Rushmore, and the White House.

### **Government Structure**
– **Executive Branch:** Headed by the President.
– **Legislative Branch:** Bicameral Congress (Senate and House of Representatives).
– **Judicial Branch:** Supreme Court and lower federal courts.
– System of checks and balances among the three branches.

### **Geography**
– Varied landscapes: mountains (Rockies, Appalachians), plains, deserts, coastlines, and forests.
– Borders Canada to the north, Mexico to the south, Atlantic and Pacific Oceans on the east and west.

### **Notable Aspects**
– A leading nation in scientific research, innovation, and higher education (home to many top universities).
– Key founding member of NATO, the United Nations, and other international organizations.
– Varied climate zones, from arctic (Alaska) to tropical (Hawaii, Florida).

Would you like more detail on any specific aspect—such as its history, states, political system, or cultural contributions?

The phrase **”North Atlantic”** typically refers to the northern part of the Atlantic Ocean, but it can also be associated with several specific contexts:

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### **1. Geographical Region**
– **North Atlantic Ocean**: The portion of the Atlantic Ocean north of the equator, bounded by North America, Europe, and the Arctic Ocean.
– **Key features**: Includes the Gulf Stream, the North Atlantic Current, and important shipping routes.
– **Notable seas**: The Caribbean Sea, the Mediterranean Sea (connected via the Strait of Gibraltar), and the North Sea.

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### **2. Historical & Political Contexts**
– **NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization)**: A military alliance formed in 1949 for collective defense among North American and European countries.
– **North Atlantic Treaty**: The founding treaty of NATO, signed in Washington, D.C.
– **Age of Exploration**: The North Atlantic was a major route for voyages between Europe and the Americas (e.g., Columbus, Viking expeditions).

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### **3. Environmental & Scientific Significance**
– **North Atlantic Gyre**: A large system of circular ocean currents.
– **Climate regulation**: The North Atlantic Drift (part of the Gulf Stream) helps moderate Europe’s climate.
– **Hurricane formation**: Many Atlantic hurricanes originate in the North Atlantic basin.

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### **4. Economic & Transportation**
– **Shipping lanes**: Busy routes like the North Atlantic shipping corridor between Europe and North America.
– **Fishing grounds**: Rich fisheries such as the Grand Banks off Newfoundland.
– **Subsea cables**: Critical telecommunications and data infrastructure cross the ocean floor.

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### **5. Cultural References**
– **”North Atlantic” in literature/film**: For example, *The Cruel Sea* (novel/film about WWII naval warfare) or explorations of transatlantic travel.
– **Aviation**: The North Atlantic Track System (NATS) for air traffic between North America and Europe.

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If you have a more specific question about the North Atlantic (e.g., its ecology, geopolitical importance, or a particular event), feel free to ask!